Full suspension – kompletní průvodce pro horská kola

When talking about full suspension, odpružení, které zahrnuje jak přední vidlici, tak zadní tlumič, poskytuje maximální komfort a ovladatelnost v terénu. Also known as plné odpružení, it is a key technology for mountain bike, kolo určené pro jízdu v horském terénu, kde se setkává rychlost s technickými překážkami. The system relies on a vidlice, přední část odpružení, která absorbuje nárazy z přední kola, and a tlumič, zadní komponent, který reguluje pohyb zadního kola a zajišťuje stabilitu. Together they enable riders to maintain traction on rough trails.

Full suspension encompasses a set of engineered components that work in harmony. The relationship can be expressed as: full suspension includes vidlice and tlumič. It also requires a robust frame that can handle increased stress. The frame, often made from aluminium or karbon, is another essential entity not yet marked but closely tied to the system’s durability.

Klíčové faktory při výběru full suspension

When you start looking for a bike with full suspension, first consider the travel range – the distance the suspension can move. Typical travel for cross‑country models is 100‑130 mm, while enduro or downhill bikes use 150‑200 mm. Longer travel provides more control on steep descents but adds weight, which influences climbing efficiency.

The type of vidlice matters too. Hydraulická vidlice, používá kapalinu k plynulému tlumení a nabízí nastavitelnou tuhost is common for high‑performance bikes, whereas air‑based versions are lighter and easier to tune. Similarly, the tlumič can be air‑or oil‑based; oil‑based units give smoother response, while air‑based are lighter and cheaper.

Another important attribute is the lockout feature. Both vidlice and tlumič can be locked, turning the bike into a quasi‑hard tail for efficient pedálování. This is especially useful on mixed terrain where you need both climbing speed and descending control.

Maintenance plays a big role in longevity. Regularly cleaning the střed hinge of the vidlice and checking oil levels in the tlumič prevents premature wear. Some high‑end models feature cartridge systems that simplify service, reducing downtime.

Full suspension also influences the bike’s geometry. A slacker head angle and longer wheelbase improve stability at high speeds, while a steeper angle enhances maneuverability. When buying, try to sit on the bike and feel how the geometry matches your riding style.

In practice, riders often compare full suspension to hard tail – a bike with only front vidlice. While hard tails are lighter and cheaper, they lack rear shock absorption, making them less comfortable on technical descents. Full suspension, on the other hand, distributes impacts across both wheels, reducing rider fatigue and allowing faster lines.

Now that you know what full suspension actually is, which components are involved, and what to look for, you’re ready to dive deeper. Below you’ll find a curated selection of articles covering everything from beginner tips to advanced tuning, so you can pick the right bike and keep it in top shape.